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1.
Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B ; (12): 328-338, 2022.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-929062

ABSTRACT

The aquatic grass Zizania latifolia grows symbiotically with the fungus Ustilago esculenta producing swollen structures called Jiaobai, widely cultivated in China. A new disease of Z. latifolia was found in Zhejiang Province, China. Initial lesions appeared on the leaf sheaths or sometimes on the leaves near the leaf sheaths. The lesions extended along the axis of the leaf shoots and formed long brown to dark brown streaks from the leaf sheath to the leaf, causing sheath rot and death of entire leaves on young plants. The pathogen was isolated and identified as the bacterium Pantoea ananatis, based on 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing, multilocus sequence analysis (atpD (β-subunit of ATP synthase F1), gyrB (DNA gyrase subunit B), infB (translation initiation factor 2), and rpoB (β‍-subunit of RNA polymerase) genes), and pathogenicity tests. Ultrastructural observations using scanning electron microscopy revealed that the bacterial cells colonized the vascular tissues in leaf sheaths, forming biofilms on the inner surface of vessel walls, and extended between vessel elements via the perforated plates. To achieve efficient detection and diagnosis of P. ananatis, species-specific primer pairs were designed and validated by testing closely related and unrelated species and diseased tissues of Z. latifolia. This is the first report of bacterial sheath rot disease of Z. latifolia caused by P. ananatis in China.


Subject(s)
Pantoea/genetics , Plant Diseases/microbiology , Poaceae/microbiology , Virulence
2.
An. acad. bras. ciênc ; 89(3): 1779-1783, July-Sept. 2017. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-886730

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Potential risk factors for Ureaplasma diversum in the vaginal mucus of 1,238 dairy cows were included in a multivariate logistic regression model, based on the cow level (i.e., granular vulvovaginitis [+GVV], yearly milk production [4500 kg or more], pregnancy, predominance of Bos taurus [+Bos Taurus], score of corporal condition [at least 2.5], concomitant positivity for Escherichia coli [+E.coli]), and farm level i.e., milking room hygiene (-Milking room), dunghill location, and replacement female). Ureaplasma diversum was present in 41.1% of the samples. Independent risk factors for U. diversum were +GVV (odds ratio [OR], 1.31); +Mycoplasma spp (OR, 5.67); yearly milk production (4500 kg or more) (OR, 1.99); +Bos taurus (OR, 1.68); +E. coli (OR, 4.96); -milking room (OR, 2.31); and replacement females (OR, 1.89). Ureaplasma diversum vaginal colonization was strongly associated with Mycoplasma spp., E. coli, and number of pregnant cows.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Ureaplasma/isolation & purification , Vagina/microbiology , Cervix Mucus/microbiology , Ureaplasma Infections/veterinary , Ureaplasma/classification , Cattle , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Regression Analysis , Risk Factors , Ureaplasma Infections/microbiology , Farms , Poaceae/microbiology , Animal Husbandry
3.
Rev. biol. trop ; 65(1): 21-30, Jan.-Mar. 2017. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-897522

ABSTRACT

ResumenLa industria petrolera ha generado derrames crónicos de petróleo y su acumulación en Gleysoles en zonas anegadas en el estado de Tabasco, en el sureste de México. El anegamiento es un factor que limita el uso de tecnologías de remediación por el alto costo y los bajos niveles de degradación del petróleo, sin embargo, Leersia hexandra Sw. es un pasto que crece en estas zonas contaminadas con petróleo intemperizado. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la densidad de bacterias, producción de biomasa vegetal y fitorremediación de L.hexandra en suelo contaminado con petróleos fresco e intemperizado, bajo condiciones experimentales de anegamiento. Se realizaron dos experimentos (E1 y E2) en un túnel de plástico. El E1 se basó en ocho dosis: 6 000, 10 000, 30 000, 60 000, 90 000, 120 000, 150 000 y 180 000 mg kg-1 base seca (b.s.) de hidrocarburos totales de petróleo fresco (HTPF), y en el E2 se evaluaron cinco dosis: 14 173, 28 400, 50 598, 75 492 y 112 142 mg kg-1 b. s. de hidrocarburos totales de petróleo intemperizado (HTPI), con ocho repeticiones en cada experimento, además se utilizó un testigo con 2 607 mg kg-1 b. s. de HTP de origen biogénico. Las variables evaluadas a los tres y seis meses fueron 1) densidad microbiana de las bacterias fijadoras de nitrógeno de vida libre totales (BFN), del grupo Azospirillum (AZP) y Azotobacter (AZT), por cuenta viable en placa seriada; 2) producción de materia seca total (MS), se cuantificó por el peso seco por gravimetría, y 3) el porcentaje de descontaminación de los hidrocarburos (DSC) por extracción en equipo soxhlet. En suelos con HTPF, la población de BFN, AZP y AZT se estimuló hasta cinco veces más que el tratamiento testigo a los tres y seis meses; sin embargo, concentraciones de 150 000 y 180 000 mg kg-1 b. s. inhibieron entre un 70 y 89 % la densidad bacteriana. A su vez, en suelos con PI, la inhibición se registró hasta en un 90 %, a excepción del tratamiento con 14 173 mg kg-1 b. s., el cual estimuló las BNF y AZT en 2 y 0.10 veces más que testigo, respectivamente. La producción de MS fue continua en los experimentos hasta los seis meses, con valores de 63 y 89 g en PF y PI, respectivamente; sin diferencias significativas con el testigo (p ≤ 0.05). El DSC alcanzó valores del 66 % al 87 % en HTPF como HTPI a los seis meses, respectivamente. Estos resultados demuestran la habilidad del L. hexandra para desarrollar una rizósfera con alta densidad de BFN, producir biomasa vegetal y fitorremediar Gleysoles con petróleo fresco e intemperizado en ambientes tropicales inundados.


Abstract:The oil industry has generated chronic oil spills and their accumulation in wetlands of the state of Tabasco, in Southeastern Mexico. Waterlogging is a factor that limits the use of remediation technologies because of its high cost and low levels of oil degradation. However, Leersia hexandra is a grass that grows in these contaminated areas with weathered oil. The aim of the study was to evaluate the bacteria density, plant biomass production and phytoremediation of L. hexandra in contaminated soil. For this, two experiments in plastic tunnel were performed with fresh (E1) and weathered petroleum (E2) under waterlogging experimental conditions. The E1 was based on eight doses: 6 000, 10 000, 30 000, 60 000, 90 000, 120 000, 150 000 and 180 000 mg.kg-1 dry basis (d. b.) of total petroleum hydrocarbons fresh (TPH-F), and the E2, that evaluated five doses: 14 173, 28 400, 50 598, 75 492 and 112 142 mg. kg-1 d. b. of total petroleum hydrocarbons weathered (TPH-W); a control treatment with 2 607 mg.kg-1 d. b. was used. Each experiment, with eight replicates per treatment, evaluated after three and six months: a) microbial density of total free-living nitrogen-fixing bacteria (NFB) of Azospirillum (AZP) and Azotobacter group (AZT), for viable count in serial plate; b) dry matter production (DMP), quantified gravimetrically as dry weight of L. hexandra; and c) the decontamination percentage of hydrocarbons (PDH) by Soxhlet extraction. In soil with TPH-F, the NFB, AZP y AZT populations were stimulated five times more than the control both at the three and six months; however, concentrations of 150 000 and 180 000 mg.kg-1 d. b. inhibited the bacterial density between 70 and 89 %. Likewise, in soil with TPH-W, the FNB, AZP and AZT inhibitions were 90 %, with the exception of the 14 173 mg.kg-1 d. b. treatment, which stimulated the NFB and AZT in 2 and 0.10 times more than the control, respectively. The DMP was continued at the six months in the experiments, with values of 63 and 89 g in fresh and weathered petroleum, respectively; had no significant differences with the control (p≤0.05). The PDH reached values of 66 to 87 % both TPH-F and TPH-W at six months, respectively. These results demonstrated the ability the L. hexandra rhizosphere to stimulate the high NFB density, vegetal biomass production and phytoremediation of contaminated soils (with fresh and weathered petroleum), in a tropical waterlogging environment. Rev. Biol. Trop. 65 (1): 21-30. Epub 2017 March 01.


Subject(s)
Soil Pollutants/chemistry , Biodegradation, Environmental , Petroleum Pollution/prevention & control , Poaceae/microbiology , Poaceae/chemistry , Reference Values , Soil/chemistry , Soil Microbiology , Azotobacter/growth & development , Time Factors , Petroleum/analysis , Colony Count, Microbial , Reproducibility of Results , Azospirillum/growth & development , Biomass , Hydrocarbons/analysis , Hydrocarbons/chemistry
4.
Rev. biol. trop ; 57(4): 1119-1139, dic. 2009. ilus, graf, mapas, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-637749

ABSTRACT

Communities of Actynomicetes fungy in three vegetation types of the Colombian Amazon: abundance, morphotypes and the 16s rDNA gene. Among soil microorganisms, Actinomycetes play an important role in the sustainability of natural and agricultural systems: decomposition of organic matter; degradation of recalcitrant compounds like lignin; nitrogen fixation; degradation of agricultural chemicals and biological control in plants and animals. We evaluated their diversity in soils under three different vegetation covers (pasture, tropical primary forest and stubble) at two depths in the Southern Colombian Amazon border. We collected five replicates per vegetation type (in each, three samples at 0-20cm and three at 20-30cm; for a total of 30 samples). Abundance and phenotypic diversity were determined by plate counting. Genomic DNA was extracted from the isolates: the 16s rDNA gene was amplified with specific primers, and its genetic diversity was estimated by means of an amplified restriction analysis (ARDRA). Actynomicetes abundance varied with vegetation and depth, possibly reflecting presence of earthworms, macro-fauna and physico-chemical characteristics associated to fertility, as well as organic matter, total bases, and optimal capacity to cationic interchange. Primary forests had the highest diversity. Sixteen morpho-types (six genera) were identified; Streptomyces was the most abundant everywhere. The heterogeneity of ARDRA patterns prevented species identification because of the intra-species variability in sequences of 16s rDNA operons. This community is a biological indicator of landscape alteration and could include new bio-active compounds of pharmaceutical interest. Rev. Biol. Trop. 57 (4): 1119-1139. Epub 2009 December 01.


Los actinomicetos son importantes en la sostenibilidad de sistemas naturales. Su diversidad fue evaluada en suelos de bosque, pastizal y rastrojo, y dos profundidades en el Sur del Trapecio Amazónico Colombiano. Se analizaron suelos de cinco repeticiones por cobertura para un total de 15 unidades. Se tomaron seis muestras en cada unidad y dos profundidades, para un total de 30. Los actinomicetos cultivables se determinaron por recuento en placa, se extrajo ADN, se amplificó el gen ADNr 16s y su diversidad genética se estimó por ARDRA. Hubo diferencias de abundancia entre coberturas y profundidades, relacionadas con la vegetación, presencia de lombrices, macrofauna, altos niveles de materia orgánica, y bases totales. Se obtuvieron valores de diversidad fenotípica similares para las tres coberturas, pero los bosques son más diversos. Se identificaron 16 morfotipos, agrupados en séis géneros, siendo Streptomyces el más abundante. La heterogeneidad de los patrones ARDRA no permitió la asignación de especies, reflejándose variaciones en las secuencias de diferentes operones ADNr 16s en un mismo organismo. Las perturbaciones en la cobertura influyen sobre los actinomicetos, generando cambios en su abundancia y diversidad. Su importancia ecológica permite proponerlos como indicadores biológicos de alteración del paisaje.


Subject(s)
Actinobacteria/genetics , DNA, Ribosomal/genetics , Poaceae/microbiology , /genetics , Soil Microbiology/standards , Trees/microbiology , Actinobacteria/classification , Actinobacteria/isolation & purification , Colombia , Genetic Variation , Phenotype
5.
An. acad. bras. ciênc ; 80(4): 749-761, Dec. 2008. ilus, graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-497117

ABSTRACT

This work aimed to evaluate density of associative diazotrophic bacteria populations in soil and grass root samples from heavy metal contaminated sites, and to characterize isolates from these populations, both, phenotypically (Zinc, Cadmium and NaCl tolerance in vitro, and protein profiles) and genotypically (16S rDNA sequencing), as compared to type strains of known diazotrophic species. Densities were evaluated by using NFb, Fam and JNFb media, commonly used for enrichment cultures of diazotrophic bacteria. Bacterial densities found in soil and grass root samples from contaminated sites were similar to those reported for agricultural soils. Azospirillum spp. isolates from contaminated sites and type strains from non-contaminated sites varied substantially in their in vitro tolerance to Zn+2 and Cd+2, being Cd+2 more toxic than Zn+2. Among the most tolerant isolates (UFLA 1S, 1R, S181, S34 and S22), some (1R, S34 and S22) were more tolerant to heavy metals than rhizobia from tropical and temperate soils. The majority of the isolates tolerant to heavy metals were also tolerant to salt stress as indicated by their ability to grow in solid medium supplemented with 30 g L-1 NaCl. Five isolates exhibited high dissimilarity in protein profiles, and the 16S rDNA sequence analysis of two of them revealed new sequences for Azospirillum.


Objetivou-se avaliar a densidade de populações de bactérias diazotróficas associativas em amostras de solos e de raízes de gramíneas oriundas de sítios contaminados com metais pesados, e caracterizar isolados destas populações através da análise fenotípica (tolerância aos metais pesados zinco e cádmio e à NaCl in vitro, perfis protéicos), e genotípica (seqüenciamento de 16S rDNA), comparados às estirpes tipo das mesmas espécies. As densidades foram avaliadas nos meios NFb, Fam e LGI, comumente utilizados para culturas de enriquecimento de populações de bactérias diazotróficas associativas. As densidades encontradas em amostras de solo e raiz de sítios contaminados foram semelhantes àquelas relatadas na literatura para solos agrícolas. Isolados de Azospirillum spp. de solos contaminados e estirpes tipo oriundas de solos não contaminados variaram substancialmente com relação à tolerância a Zn+2 e Cd+2, sendo que Cd+2 mais tóxico que Zn+2. Dentre os isolados mais tolerantes (UFLA 1S, 1R, S181, S34, e S22), alguns(1R, S34 e S22) foram mais tolerantes a metais pesados que rizóbios isolados de solos de áreas tropicais e temperadas. A maioria dos isolados mais tolerantes a metais pesados também foi tolerante ao estresse salino, o que foi indicado por seu crescimento em meio sólido suplementado com 30 g L-1 de NaCl in vitro. Cinco isolados apresentaram alta dissimilaridade em perfis protéicos e o seqüenciamento do gene 16S rDNA em dois deles revelou que apresentam novas seqüências de Azospirillum.


Subject(s)
Azospirillum/drug effects , Burkholderia/drug effects , Herbaspirillum/drug effects , Metals, Heavy/toxicity , Plant Roots/microbiology , Poaceae/microbiology , Soil Microbiology , Azospirillum/genetics , Azospirillum/growth & development , Burkholderia/genetics , Burkholderia/growth & development , Colony Count, Microbial , DNA, Bacterial/genetics , Drug Resistance, Bacterial/genetics , Genotype , Herbaspirillum/genetics , Herbaspirillum/growth & development , Metals, Heavy/analysis , Phenotype , /genetics
6.
J Environ Biol ; 2007 Jan; 28(1): 109-14
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-113643

ABSTRACT

The diversity of phosphobacteria in Manakudi mangrove ecosystem of Tamil Nadu was carried out in root and rhizosphere soil samples. The counts of phosphobacteria were found higher in root samples than in soil samples particularly in Hymenachene acutigluma. The abundance of phosphobacterial diversity in Manakudi mangrove showed high degree of positive correlation with the content of phosphate in rhizosphere soil of all the mangrove and associated plant species. Nine phosphobacterial species belonging to 7 genera were reported from Manakudi mangrove ecosystem. All the identified bacterial species are sensitive to both the heavy metals (mercury and zinc) in terms of growth and physiology even at lower concentrations. The content of protein and total sugars were increased by the higher concentrations of heavy metals whereas decreased trend was noticed in lower concentrations of heavy metals.


Subject(s)
Avicennia/microbiology , Bacteria/drug effects , Bacterial Proteins/metabolism , Carbohydrate Metabolism , Mercury/toxicity , Panicum/microbiology , Phosphates/metabolism , Plant Roots/microbiology , Poaceae/microbiology , Pteridaceae/microbiology , Rhizophoraceae/microbiology , Soil Microbiology , Zinc/toxicity
7.
An. acad. bras. ciênc ; 78(1): 183-193, Mar. 2006. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-422270

ABSTRACT

Avaliaram-se as comunidades de bactérias, fungos solubilizadores de fosfato e fungos micorrízicos arbusculares em dois diferentes ecossistemas. Foram feitas amostragens em duas áreas de Mata Atlântica, em Paraty - RJ, Brasil, uma de floresta secundária e outra de pastagem. Foram avaliados quatro meios de cultura: GL (glicose e extrato de levedura), GES (glicose, extrato de solo, KNO3, CaCl2, MgSO4, NaCl, FeEDTA solução de micronutrientes), GAGES (glicose, extrato de solo, arabinose, glicerol, CaCl2, MgSO4 e NaCl) e GELP (glicose, extrato de solo, extrato de levedura, peptona, CaCl2, MgSO4 e NaCl) para isolamento de microrganismos solubilizadores de fosfato. A identificação das bactérias solubilizadoras foi baseada na análise do 16 S rDNA, enquanto que os fungos solubilizadores e os micorrízicos arbusculares foram identificados pela sua morfologia. O maior número de bactérias solubilizadoras foi obtido usando os meios GL e GELP. O maior número de fungos solubilizadores foi obtido com os meios GAGES e GES. As bactérias solubilizadoras foram identificadas como Enterobacteriaceae e Bacillus sp., e os fungos como Aspergillus sp. Glomus macrocarpum e Glomus etunicatum foram as espécies de fungos micorrízicos dominantes nas áreas de floresta secundária e pastagem, respectivamente.


Subject(s)
Aspergillus/isolation & purification , Bacillus/isolation & purification , Enterobacteriaceae/isolation & purification , Mycorrhizae/isolation & purification , Poaceae/microbiology , Trees/microbiology , Aspergillus/classification , Aspergillus/genetics , Brazil , Bacillus/classification , Culture Media , DNA, Fungal/analysis , DNA, Ribosomal/analysis , Enterobacteriaceae/classification , Mycorrhizae/classification , Mycorrhizae/genetics , Phosphorus/metabolism , Seasons , Soil Microbiology
8.
Acta biol. colomb ; 11(1): 43-54, ene. 2006. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-469089

ABSTRACT

Se efectuó un ensayo en condiciones controladas utilizando hongos formadores de micorrizas arbusculares (HFMA) nativos, provenientes de un suelo rizosférico de Pennisetum clandestinum de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia (Bogotá), manteniéndolos en plantas de Brachiaria decumbens creciendo sobre sustrato arenoso suplementado con solución nutritiva. Se evaluaron diferentes tratamientos: plantas con inóculo de HFMA, plantas con Trichoderma harzianum, plantas con HFMA+T. harzianum y plantas control no inoculadas, con el fin de determinar las posibles interacciones entre dichos microorganismos, así como su efecto sobre el crecimiento de B. decumbens. La presencia de T. harzianum disminuyó la colonización radicular por HFMA, aunque no afectó la cantidad de esporas de HFMA/g suelo seco, en tanto que la población de T. harzianum (UFC/g suelo seco) disminuyó significativamente en presencia de HFMA. Estos resultados mostraron que existen interacciones entre HFMA y T. harzianum que afectan tanto el desarrollo de HFMA como la densidad poblacional de T. harzianum. Los valores obtenidos para los parámetros del crecimiento de la planta evaluados sugieren que el efecto de la interacción entre los microorganismos sobre la planta hospedera es de tipo neutral.


Subject(s)
Mycorrhizae/classification , Mycorrhizae/growth & development , Mycorrhizae/physiology , Mycorrhizae/isolation & purification , Poaceae/growth & development , Poaceae/microbiology
9.
An. acad. bras. ciênc ; 77(3): 549-579, Sept. 2005.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-406231

ABSTRACT

A presente revisão aborda a história da Fixação Biológica de Nitrogênio (FBN) em Gramíneas no Brasil, procurando mostrar a evolução da pesquisa na área iniciada a mais de 40 anos sob a liderança da pesquisadora Johanna Döbereiner. Um aspecto marcante deste período foi a descoberta de diversas bactérias fixadoras de nitrogênio atmosférico tais com as rizosféricas (Beijerinckia fluminensis e Azotobacter paspali), associativas (Azospirillum lipoferum, A. brasilense, A. amazonense) e as endofíticas (Herbaspirillum seropedicae, H. rubrisubalbicans, Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus, Burkholderia brasilensis e B. tropica). O papel destas bactérias diazotróficas em associação com as gramíneas, especialmente os cereais, tem sido estudado e muito se avançou sobre os aspectos ecológicos, fisiológicos, bioquímicos e genéticos. Os mecanismos de colonização e infecção dos tecidos das plantas foram melhor entendidos e a contribuição da FBN para o sistema solo-planta foi determinado. Estudos de inoculação de cereais com bactérias diazotróficas, têm mostrado que as endofíticas têm um maior potencial de contribuição da FBN e que o genótipo da planta influencia na associação da planta/bactéria. Os avanços alcançados apontam para uma maior exploração e entendimento desta associação endofítica. Os programas de sequenciamento do genoma: RIOGENE (Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus) e GENOPAR (Herbaspirillum seropedicae) mostram a importância da FBN no Brasil e devem permitir que o país continue na fronteira do conhecimento em relação ao processo de FBN em gramíneas.


Subject(s)
Nitrogen Fixation/physiology , Poaceae/physiology , Proteobacteria/metabolism , Brazil , Genotype , Nitrogen Fixation/genetics , Plant Roots/microbiology , Plant Roots/physiology , Poaceae/microbiology , Proteobacteria/genetics
10.
Indian J Exp Biol ; 2001 Dec; 39(12): 1293-8
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-58102

ABSTRACT

Spores of Gl mosseae and Gig gigantea germinated on minimal medium produced extraradical mycelium. Gl. mosseae infected roots of S. officinarum in in vitro condition were inoculated in M medium with in vitro cultured roots of Sorghum vulgare (test roots). From the infected root of S. officinarum, the mycelium developed and it infected the test roots. The roots developed new mycelia and further the mycelia produced a few hyaline spores. In MS medium combined with soil extract, root exudate, thiamine HCl and inositol combination, spore germination and germ tube growth were higher when compared with other media.


Subject(s)
Culture Techniques , Fungi/growth & development , Germination , Plant Roots/microbiology , Poaceae/microbiology
11.
Bol. micol ; 14(1/2): 91-100, 1999. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-255772

ABSTRACT

Entre mayo y noviembre de 1996, se determinó la presencia y distribución geográfica de especies fúngicas intengrantes del género curvularia y el "complex helminthosporium", en las principales gramineas silvestres presentes en cuatro zonas agrícolas de la Lombardia (Italia), adyacentes a las ciudades de Milano, Bergamo, Cremona y Voghera. En 18 de las 21 especies de gramíneas colectadas, se obtuvieron 79 aislamientos fúngicos. Más del 98 porciento de éstos, se presentaron como anamorfos de cochliobolus y los más representativos fueron: bipolaris australiensis (30,4 porciento), c.sativus (27,8 porciento) y c.cynodontis (22,8 porciento). En Voghera y Cremona se obtuvieron los más altos porcentajes de aislamientos fúngicos (33-29 porciento) y en Milano los menores (13 porciento). Las espigas y las hojas fueron las más afectadas por la colonización fungica, especialmente en verano y en el culmo en otoño. Considerando la colonización de las grámineas en el tiempo-espacio y el número de aislamientos fúngicos, se determinaron puntos temporo-espaciales, creándose tres grupos de grados de colonización fúngica (A, B, C). El grupo A soportó la menor colonización y el C la mayor. En este último, cynodon dactylon, hordeum murinum y poa pratensis, fueron las gramíneas más representativas. Se comentan sus potencialidades infestantes y como reservorio de patógenos fúngicos de interés agrícola


Subject(s)
Ascomycota/isolation & purification , Fungi/isolation & purification , Fungi/pathogenicity , Poaceae/microbiology , Soil Microbiology , Italy
12.
Bol. micol ; 8(1/2): 3-11, jul.-dic. 1993. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-140492

ABSTRACT

Mediante métodos de dilución y cámara húmeda, se analizó cualitativamente y cuantitativamente la micota presente en el suelo y en su cobertura de pastos senescentes (gramíneas principalmente) en una localidad precordillerana de pradera en la 9§ región. Nuestra finalidad fue la obtención de datos preliminares sobre la diversidad y composición de especies en suelos subtropicales. La diversidad de géneros fue mayor en los pastos (38), que en el suelo (27), mientras el número de especies en ambos habitat fue similar (50 y48). Solo 14 especies fueron comunes en ambos sustratos (28,9 porciento), representadas mayoritariamente por Hyphomycetes (71,4 porciento) y Coelomycetes (21,45 porciento). Los taxa dominantes en los suelos fueron: Cladosporium cladosporioides, penicillium spp. y las levaduras blancas. En los pastos senescentes: Acremonium spp. Alternaria alternata, A tenuissima, Botrytis cinerea, Cladosporium cladosporioides, C. herbarum, Dactylaria candidula, Eppicoccum purpurascens, Fusarium poae, Gliocladium catenulatum, G. roseum, Heteroconium chaestospira, Leptosphaeria ogilviensis, Myrothecium verrucaria, Papulaspora inmersa, Penicillium spp. Periconia minutissima, Phoma levellei, y Torula herbarum. En los suelos, a diferencia de los pastos, se presentó una gran diversidad de taxa esporádicos (40)


Subject(s)
Fungi/isolation & purification , Plants, Medicinal/microbiology , Soil Microbiology , Ascomycota/isolation & purification , Chile , Fungi/classification , Mitosporic Fungi/isolation & purification , Mucorales/isolation & purification , Mycological Typing Techniques , Poaceae/microbiology , Yeasts/isolation & purification
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